BIOGRAPHY
Ordgar was an English West County landowner notable as a presumed close advisor of Edgar 'the Peaceful', king of England, and as the father of Elfrida/Aelfthryth, the king's second or third wife and mother of Aethelred 'the Unready'. Ordgar was created an ealdorman by Edgar in 964.
Little is known about Ordgar. Three key sources are his name as witness on charters of King Edgar between 962 and 970, and digressions in William of Malmesbury's _Gesta pontificum Anglorum_ and in Geoffrey Gaimar's _L'Estoire des Engles_ concerned with the love affairs and marriages of his daughter Elfrida. According to Gaimar, Ordgar was the son of an ealdorman, and was a landowner in every village from Exeter to Frome. He married an unknown lady of royal birth, by whom he had his daughter Elfrida. When King Edgar sent a messenger to woo Elfrida, he found her and her father, whom she completely controlled, playing at chess, which they had learned from the Danes. The messenger, Aethelwold son of Aethelstan Half-King - a leading member of a very prominent Anglo-Saxon family - instead took Elfrida for his own, marrying her about 956. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography draws a conclusion that Ordgar was 'clearly a figure of some importance' to have secured such a match.
Aethelwold died in 962, and some suspicion, notably on the part of Dunstan, abbot of Glastonbury and later archbishop of Canterbury, rests on Elfrida for his death, together with the seduction of Edgar and later murder of his son Edward 'the Martyr' to pave the way for her son Aethelred to ascend the throne. Whatever the circumstances, Elfrida became Edgar's wife in 964 and in the same year Ordgar was created ealdorman. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography infers that Ordgar from this point until 970 was one of Edgar's closest advisors, by virtue of his being named on virtually all charters issued by Edgar in the period.
Tavistock Abbey was founded in 961 by Ordgar and completed by his son Ordulf in 981, in which year the charter of confirmation was issued by King Aethelred 'the Unready'. It was endowed with lands in Devon, Dorset and Cornwall, and became one of the richest abbeys in the west of England.
Ordgar died in 971 and, according to the chronicler Florence of Worcester, he was buried at Exeter.
Edmund was born about 921, the son of Edward I 'the Elder', king of England, and Eadgifu. He continued the re-conquest of England from the Vikings; in 942 he won back Mercia and in 944 Northumbria. A year later he ravaged all Strathclyde and ceded it to Malcolm, king of Scots, on the condition that he would be his ally both by sea and land. It is said that Edmund had ill-treated Dunstan, the future saint, who was preparing to go into exile. The story goes that King Edmund was hunting a stag, which darted up through the woods to the top of Cheddar gorge. Seeing no way of escape it leapt over the cliff, followed by the baying hounds. The king saw his danger, but his horse was beyond his power to control. The wrong done to Dunstan flashed through his mind and he vowed to make amends if his life was spared. On the very edge the horse stopped short and turned aside. When the king returned home he sent for Dunstan and asked to accompany him to Glastonbury. There he sat Dunstan in the abbot's seat and bade him to rule the house he loved.
With his first wife Aelgifu he had two sons, Edwy and Edgar, who would be kings of England. Only Edgar is recorded as having progeny. Aelgifu died about 944, and Edmund married Aethelflaed of Damerham, but had no children by her.
The murder of Edmund was described by the Anglo-Saxon chronicler, William of Malmesbury, but was later embellished. A robber named Leofa, whom the king had banished for his crimes, returning totally unexpected after six years' absence, was sitting among the guests at Pucklechurch in Gloucestershire on 26 May 946. While the others were carousing, Leofa was spotted by the king alone, who leapt from the table, caught the robber by the hair and dragged him to the floor. However Leofa drew a dagger and plunged it into the breast of the king as he lay upon him. The robber was then torn limb from limb by the king's attendants who rushed in.
Edmund was succeeded as king by his younger brother Edred.
Aelgifu was the first wife of Edmund I 'the Magnificent', king of England, son of Edward I 'the Elder', king of England, and his wife Eadgifu of Kent. She and Edmund had two sons, Edwy and Edgar, who would have progeny and be kings of England.
Her mother appears to have been an associate of Shaftesbury Abbey called Wynflaed. The vital clue comes from a charter of King Edgar, in which he confirmed the grant of an estate at Uppidelen (Piddletrenthide, Dorset) made by his grandmother _(Ava)_ Wynflaed to Shaftesbury. She may well be the nun or vowess _(religiosa femina)_ of this name in a charter dated 942 and preserved in the abbey's chartulary. It records that she received and retrieved from King Edmund a handful of estates in Dorset, namely Cheselbourne and Winterbourne Tomson, which somehow ended up in the possession of the community.
The sources do not record the date of Aelgifu's marriage to Edmund. The eldest son Edwy, who had barely reached majority on his accession in 955, may have been born around 940, which gives us only a very rough terminus ante quem for the betrothal. Although as the mother of two future kings, Aelgifu proved to be an important royal bed companion, there is no strictly contemporary evidence that she was ever consecrated as queen. Likewise, her formal position at court appears to have been relatively insignificant, overshadowed as it was by the queen mother Eadgifu of Kent. In the single extant document witnessed by her, a Kentish charter datable between 942 and 944, she subscribes as the king's concubine _(concubina regis),_ with a place assigned to her between the bishops and ealdormen. By comparison, Eadgifu subscribes higher up in the witness list as _mater regi,_ after her sons Edwy and Edgar but before the archbishops and bishops. It is only towards the end of the 10th century that Aethelweard the Chronicler styles her queen _(regina),_ but this may be a retrospective honour at a time when her cult was well established at Shaftesbury.
Much of Aelgifu's claim to fame derives from her association with Shaftesbury. Her patronage of the community is suggested by a charter of King Aethelred, dated 984, according to which the abbey exchanged with King Edmund the large estate of Tisbury (Wiltshire) for Butticanlea (unidentified). Aelgifu received it from her husband and intended to bequeath it back to the nunnery, but such had not yet come to pass (her son Edwy demanded that Butticanlea be returned to the royal family first).
Aelgifu predeceased her husband in 944. Her body was buried and enshrined at the nunnery. She was venerated as a saint soon after her burial at Shaftesbury. Aethelward reports that many miracles had taken place at her tomb up to his day, and these were apparently attracting some local attention. Aelgifu is styled a saint (Sancte Aelgife) in the D-text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (mid-11th century) at the point where it specifies Edwy's and Edgar's royal parentage.
Eadgifu was born in or before 903, the daughter of Sigehelm, ealdorman of Kent, who died at the Battle of Holme in 902 or 904. She became the third wife of Edward I 'the Elder', king of England, son of Alfred 'the Great', king of England, and his wife Ealswith. Eadgifu and Edward had two sons, Edmund I and Edred, and two daughters, Eadburh and Edgifu, of whom Edmund I and Edred would become kings of England, though only Edmund I would marry and have progeny. Eadburh would be venerated as St. Eadburh of Wessex. Eadgifu survived Edward by many years, dying in the reign of her grandson Edgar.
Eadgifu disappeared from court during the reign of her step-son, King Aethelstan, but she was prominent and influential during the reign of her two sons. As queen dowager, her position seems to have been higher than that of her daughter-in-law Aelgifu of Shaftesbury; in a Kentish charter datable between 942 and 944, Aelgifu describes herself as the king's concubine _(concubina regis),_ with a place assigned to her between the bishops and ealdormen. By comparison, Eadgifu subscribes higher up in the witness list as _mater regis,_ after her sons Edmund and Edred but before the archbishops and bishops.
Following the death of her younger son Edred in 955, Eadgifu was deprived of her lands by her eldest grandson, King Edwy, perhaps because she took the side of his younger brother Edgar in the struggle between them. When Edgar succeeded on Edwy's death in 959 she recovered some lands and received generous gifts from her grandson, but she never returned to her prominent position at court. She is last recorded as a witness to a charter in 966, and died on 25 August 968.
She was known as a supporter of saintly churchmen and a benefactor of churches.