a new Collegiate School was formed. Rev Abraham Pierson was the rector of the school, and Saybrook was it's location. However, his congregation would not allow Pierson to move, so the students were taught in Killingworth.
After his death the school moved to Saybrook. In Oct 1716 the school moved to New Haven. A few years later Elihu Yale donated books and goods to the school, and it was renamed Yale in his honor.2
Further reading:
Notes of lectures attended at Harvard College, Abraham Pierson, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1667, Beinecke Library, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.
Rev. Abraham Pierson, Jr.'s tenure as pastor of the First Congregational Church of Greenwich is remembered in one of the stained-glass windows of the current edifice of that congregation.
Rev. Abraham Pierson, Jr.'s residency in Killingworth, Connecticut (present day Clinton) is documented in every history of Yale College, as well as a bronze statue and an elementary school.
Rev Pierson's collection of books clearly pre-dates a comparable collection bequeathed to this school by Elihu Yale. Was this collection donated to the Collegiate School, thus forming the first component of the present-day Yale University Library?1
Richard was born on 28 August 933, in Fecamp, Normandy, the son of Guillaume I, 'Longsword', duke of Normandy, and his wife, Sprota. Richard's mother was a Breton concubine captured in war and bound to Guillaume by a Danish marriage. After Guillaume died, Sprota became the wife of Asperland, a wealthy miller.
Richard was still a boy when his father was killed in 942, and so he was powerless to stop Louis IV of France when he seized Normandy. Louis kept him in confinement at Lâon during his youth, but he escaped with the assistance of Osmund de Centeville, Bernard de Senlis (who had been a companion of Richard's grandfather Rollo of Normandy), Ivo de Bellèsme, and Bernard 'the Dane' (ancestor of the families of Harcourt and Beaumont).
Richard agreed to 'commend' himself to Hugues 'the Great', duke of the Franks, comte de Paris. He then allied himself with the Norman and Viking leaders and drove Louis out of Rouen, and took back Normandy. He later quarrelled with Aethelred II 'the Unready', king of England, regarding Viking invasions of England because Normandy had been buying up much of the stolen booty.
In 960 Richard married Emma de France, daughter of Hugues and his second wife Hadevich of Saxony. They were betrothed when both were very young. She died after 966, with no issue.
According to the Norman monk and chronicler Robert of Torigni, not long after Emma's death, Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamoured of the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but being a virtuous woman, she suggested that he court her unmarried sister Gunnor instead. Gunnor became his mistress, and her family rose to prominence. However Gunnor had been Richard's mistress well before he married Emma. Her brother, Herfast de Crepon, may have been involved in a controversial heresy trial. Gunnor was, like Richard, of Norse descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her, shortly after the death of his wife Emma, to legitimise their nine children, of whom eight would have progeny. He also had several illegitimate children.
Richard was bilingual, having been well educated at Bayeux. He was more partial to his Danish subjects than to the French. During his reign, Normandy became completely Gallicised and Christianised. He introduced the feudal system and Normandy became one of the most thoroughly feudalised states on the continent. He carried out a major reorganisation of the Norman military system, based on heavy cavalry. He also became guardian of the young Hugues, comte de Paris, the future Hugues Capet, king of France, on the elder Hugues' death in 956.
Richard died of natural causes in Fecamp on 20 November 996.
Gunnor was the second wife of Richard I 'the Fearless', duke of Normandy, son of Guillaume I 'Longsword', duke of Normandy, and his wife Sprota. All that is known of her parentage is that she belonged to a family who had settled in the Pays de Caux. The Norman monk and chronicler Robert de Torigni wrote that she was a forester's daughter from the Pays de Caux, but according to the Norman historian Dudo, dean of Saint-Quentin, she was of noble Danish origin. Gunnor was probably born about 945. Her family held sway in western Normandy and Gunnor herself was said to be very wealthy. Her marriage to Richard was of great political importance, both to her husband and her progeny. Her brother Herfast de Crepon was progenitor of a great Norman family. Her sisters and nieces married some of the most important nobles in Normandy.
Robert de Torigni recounts a story of how Richard met Gunnor. She was living with her sister Seinfreda, the wife of a local forester, when Richard, hunting nearby, heard of the beauty of the forester's wife. He is said to have ordered Seinfreda to come to his bed, but the lady substituted her unmarried sister Gunnor. Richard, it is said, was pleased that by the subterfuge he had been saved from committing adultery, and together eventually they had nine children. Unlike other territorial rulers, the Normans recognised marriage by cohabitation or _more danico._ But when Richard was prevented from nominating their son Robert to be archbishop of Rouen, the two were married, 'according to the Christian custom', making their children legitimate in the eyes of the church. Of their nine children, eight would have progeny.
Gunnor attested ducal charters up into the 1020s, was skilled in languages and was said to have had an excellent memory. She was one of the most important sources of information on Norman history for Dudo of St.Quentin. As Richard's widow she is mentioned accompanying her sons on numerous occasions. That her husband depended on her is shown in the couple's charters where she is variously regent of Normandy, a mediator and judge, and in the typical role of a medieval aristocratic mother, an arbitrator between her husband and their oldest son Richard II.
Gunnor was a founder and supporter of Coutances Cathedral and laid its first stone. In one of her own charters after Richard's death she gave two alods to the abbey of Mont Saint-Michel, namely Britavilla and Donjean, given to her by her husband in dower, which she gave up for the repose of the soul of her husband, and of her own soul and that of her sons 'count Richard, archbishop Robert, and others..'. She also attested a charter, about 1024-26, to that abbey by her son Richard II, shown as _Gonnor matrix cimitis_ (mother of the count). Gunnor, both as wife and countess, was able to use her influence to see her kin favoured, and several of the most important Anglo-Saxon families on both sides of the English Channel are descended from her, her sisters and nieces.
Gunnor died in January 1031.